Tire Engineering Guide

How to Read a Tire Size Code

The definitive technical walkthrough explaining sidewall geometry, metric vs flotation notation, load indices, and speed symbols.

Anatomy of a Tire Code

Understanding Tire Size Markings

Every standardized metric tire specification encodes four critical engineering parameters into a single standardized code.

205 Width (mm)
/
55 Aspect (%)
R Radial
16 Rim (in)
205

Section Width (Millimeters)

The linear distance in millimeters from the widest point of the outer sidewall to the inner sidewall when mounted on a measuring rim at specified inflation pressure.

55

Aspect Ratio (Profile %)

The dimensional ratio of sidewall height to section width expressed as a percentage. In 205/55, sidewall height is 55% of 205 mm = 112.75 mm.

R

Internal Construction (Radial)

Indicates radial ply internal casing construction where steel and fabric cords run perpendicular (90 degrees) to the direction of travel for optimal traction and longevity.

16

Rim Diameter (Inches)

The nominal diameter of the wheel in inches from bead seat to bead seat that the tire is engineered to be mounted on (16" = 406.4 mm).

What is a Metric Tire Size?

Metric tire markings are established by international standards organizations such as the Tire and Rim Association (TRA) and the European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO). A standardized code like 205/55R16 specifies three core physical dimensions plus internal casing architecture.

Load Index Rating

A numerical code (e.g. 91, 94, 98) representing the maximum load-carrying capacity of the tire at maximum recommended pneumatic inflation pressure.

Speed Rating Symbol

An alphabetical designation (e.g. H = 130 mph, V = 149 mph, W = 168 mph, Y = 186 mph) denoting maximum certified continuous operating velocity.

Flotation Sizes (e.g. 31x10.50R15)

Commonly found on 4x4 trucks, off-road SUVs, and vintage light trucks, flotation notation uses imperial measurements: the first number is overall tire height in inches (31"), the second is section width in inches (10.50"), followed by radial construction (R) and rim size (15").

Automotive Fitment & Safety Advisory

Calculations presented on TireSizeChecker.com are nominal mathematical projections. Actual installed rolling dimensions fluctuate depending on rim width matching, tire manufacturing tolerances (TRA/ETRTO standards), pneumatic inflation pressure, dynamic speed expansion, and vehicle cornering loads.

Always verify mechanical suspension clearance, brake caliper clearance, wheel fender lip clearance, speedometer recalibration, and load/speed ratings with a certified tire technician before mounting non-OEM tire sizes.